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The SORKC Model: An Extension of Operant Conditioning
Introduction
The SORKC model (also known as the SORCK, SORK, or SORC model) is an extension of operant conditioning developed by Kanfer and Saslow in 1969. It provides a framework for analyzing the pattern of antecedent and consequent events that maintain behavior.
How the SORKC Model Works
The SORKC model consists of five components:
- Stimulus (S): The antecedent event that triggers a behavior.
- Organism (O): The individual whose behavior is being analyzed.
- Response (R): The behavior that is emitted.
- Consequences (K): The events that follow a behavior and influence its future occurrence.
- Contingency (C): The relationship between the stimulus and the response, and the response and its consequences.
The SORKC model emphasizes the importance of external factors in shaping behavior. By identifying the antecedents and consequences that maintain a behavior, it is possible to develop interventions to change that behavior.
Applications of the SORKC Model
The SORKC model has been used in a wide range of applications, including:
- Behavior modification: Changing problem behaviors and promoting positive behaviors.
- Cognitive therapy: Understanding the thoughts and beliefs that influence behavior.
- Motivational interviewing: Helping individuals identify and achieve their motivational goals.
- Social work: Addressing social and environmental factors that impact behavior.
Conclusion
The SORKC model is a powerful tool for analyzing and changing behavior. By understanding the relationship between antecedents, behavior, and consequences, it is possible to develop interventions that are tailored to the individual and the specific problem behavior.
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